VMCD.ORG » NBU 异机恢复测试

一、搭建恢复测试环境

安装操作系统
操作系统安装，过程略

硬件配置：
# hostname
nbutest
#prtconf
System Model: IBM,7026-B80
Machine Serial Number: 10960AF
Processor Type: PowerPC_POWER3
Number Of Processors: 1
Processor Clock Speed: 375 MHz
CPU Type: 64-bit
Kernel Type: 64-bit
LPAR Info: -1 NULL
Memory Size: 4096 MB
Good Memory Size: 4096 MB
Firmware Version: IBM,NAN02254
Console Login: enable
Auto Restart: true
Full Core: false

连接好带机，保证在OS上看到带机
# cfgmgr -v
# lsdev -Cc tape
rmt0 Available 10-89-00-0,0 Other SCSI Tape Drive
安装oracle软件
仅安装oracle软件即可，安装过程略
安装NBU软件
此次恢复测试，Master Server和Media Server在同一台机器上，也作为恢复的的Client，Hostname：nbutest

安装PBX组建，过程略
安装Master Server，过程略
允许异机恢复，手动创建如下文件：

# mkdir –p /usr/openv/netbackup/db/altnames
# touch /usr/openv/netbackup/db/altnames/No.Restrictions

二、在Master Server上导入磁带信息

Initiate Import
a)安装NBU并配置好磁带库后，将需要恢复的磁带装入带机，用如下命令找出MediaID，（黄底红字突出部分）：
# vmoprcmd -d
PENDING REQUESTS

DRIVE STATUS
Drv Type Control User Label RecMID ExtMID Ready Wr.Enbl. ReqId
0 hcart3 AVR Yes A00003 A00003 Yes Yes 0
ADDITIONAL DRIVE STATUS
Drv DriveName Shared Assigned Comment
0 IBM.ULT3580-TD3.000 No nbutest
b)进入NBU图形管理界面（定义好图形显示后，命令行输入：jnbSA）点击catalogactionsinitialize import，选择media server和media server名称，都是nbutest，,media id为上一步所看到的点击A00003，点击OK：

c)在results界面可看到如下输出，表示initialzie import成功完成

Import for phase2

a)完成initialzie import后，进入NBU管理界面，进入CatalogSearch界面，Media ID:A00003,Media Host:nbutest,点击Search Now，即可看到磁带上所列出的备份集，可以看出备份集ID号，备份日期，Policy名称等信息。通过以上信息可看出数据库SID为“ganso”，客户端hostname为“ncdb”

b)选择需要导入的备份集，点击ActionImport，执行import for phase 2

c)在result内可以看到如下输出，表示第二阶段import成功

配置Master Server

根据上述信息更改Master Server文件$INSTALL_PATH/netbackup/bp.conf加入CLIENT_NAME
# more /usr/openv/netbackup/bp.conf
SERVER = nbutest
#CLIENT_NAME = nbutest
EMMSERVER = nbutest
VXDBMS_NB_DATA = /usr/openv/db/data
FORCE_RESTORE_MEDIA_SERVER = ncdb nbutest
KEEP_JOBS_SUCCESSFUL_HOURS = 720
KEEP_JOBS_HOURS = 720
CLIENT_NAME = ncdb

List Backupset

Import完成后，在 # bplist -C -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba -rw-rw—- oracle dba ——— OS命令行列出备份集，找出最新的控制文件备份时间，控制文件备份集以CNTRL命名，如下所示，最新的控制文件为“/cntrl_2820_1_737084401”
ncdb -t 4 -l -R / |more
11534336 Dec 07 01:41 /c-3123115829-20101207-02
11534336 Dec 07 01:40 /cntrl_2820_1_737084401
11534336 Dec 07 01:39 /c-3123115829-20101207-01
1099008K Dec 07 01:38 /al_2818_1_737084249
1839360K Dec 07 01:36 /al_2817_1_737084171
1842944K Dec 07 01:35 /al_2816_1_737084093
1846528K Dec 07 01:34 /al_2815_1_737084015
1847552K Dec 07 01:32 /al_2814_1_737083938
1847552K Dec 07 01:31 /al_2813_1_737083860
1848320K Dec 07 01:30 /al_2812_1_737083782
1860096K Dec 07 01:29 /al_2811_1_737083704
1863424K Dec 07 01:27 /al_2810_1_737083626
1864448K Dec 07 01:26 /al_2809_1_737083548
1873408K Dec 07 01:25 /al_2808_1_737083471
1873920K Dec 07 01:23 /al_2807_1_737083393
1874944K Dec 07 01:22 /al_2806_1_737083315
1878272K Dec 07 01:21 /al_2805_1_737083236
11534336 Dec 07 01:20 /c-3123115829-20101207-00
11299328K Dec 07 01:16 /bk_2803_1_737082953
16299520K Dec 07 01:12 /bk_2802_1_737082717
12037632K Dec 07 01:09 /bk_2801_1_737082512
15558400K Dec 07 01:05 /bk_2800_1_737082287
21886208K Dec 07 01:01 /bk_2799_1_737082041
22318592K Dec 07 00:57 /bk_2798_1_737081796
22435584K Dec 07 00:53 /bk_2797_1_737081551
22507520K Dec 07 00:49 /bk_2796_1_737081305
20962048K Dec 07 00:44 /bk_2795_1_737081060
21911296K Dec 07 00:40 /bk_2794_1_737080815
15301632K Dec 07 00:36 /bk_2793_1_737080560
10469120K Dec 07 00:33 /bk_2792_1_737080364
19256576K Dec 07 00:29 /bk_2791_1_737080129
19493632K Dec 07 00:25 /bk_2790_1_737079904
14061824K Dec 07 00:22 /bk_2789_1_737079688
18097920K Dec 07 00:17 /bk_2788_1_737079443
17497088K Dec 07 00:14 /bk_2787_1_737079208
20541184K Dec 07 00:10 /bk_2786_1_737078973
20864000K Dec 07 00:06 /bk_2785_1_737078727
21061888K Dec 07 00:02 /bk_2784_1_737078492
17445120K Dec 06 23:58 /bk_2783_1_737078277
16711168K Dec 06 23:54 /bk_2782_1_737078052
23290368K Dec 06 23:50 /bk_2781_1_737077806
20784640K Dec 06 23:46 /bk_2780_1_737077571
——————–以下输出截断—————————————————

三、Oracle数据库恢复

创建以ganso为SID的库
可以用DBCA以ORACLE_SID=ganso建一个数据库，以获取pfile文件，或者以其他方式获得pfile均可，方法很多。
并将数据库启动至nomount状态
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production on Fri Apr 8 21:52:59 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1258291200 bytes
Fixed Size 2020552 bytes
Variable Size 318769976 bytes
Database Buffers 922746880 bytes
Redo Buffers 14753792 bytes
恢复控制文件
以oracle用户登录，进入rman，恢复后将控制文件/tmp目录
$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 – Production on Wed Apr 6 13:19:05 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: BILLDB (DBID=1672191889, not open)
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel ch1 type sbt;
3> send ‘NB_ORA_CLIENT=ncdb;
4> send ‘NB_ORA_SERV=nbutest;
5> restore controlfile to ‘/tmp/controlfile_ganso.ctl’ from ‘/cntrl_2820_1_737084401’;
6> release channel ch1;
7> }
copy至pfile里定义的目录和名称
$ cp /tmp/controlfile_ganso.ctl /oracle/ganso/control01.ctl
$ cp /tmp/controlfile_ganso.ctl /oracle/ganso/control02.ctl
$ cp /tmp/controlfile_ganso.ctl /oracle/ganso/control03.ctl
建立好oracle目录结构
将oracle启动至mount状态，利用report schema查看数据库目录结构
RMAN>sql ‘alter database mount’;
RMAN> report schema;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN-06139: WARNING: control file is not current for REPORT SCHEMA
Report of database schema
List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
—- ——– ——————– ——- ————————
1 800 SYSTEM *** /oradata/oradata/system01.dbf
2 5120 NNC_DATA03 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data03m.dbf
3 1560 SYSAUX *** /oradata/oradata/sysaux01.dbf
4 0 USERS *** /oradata/oradata/users01.dbf
5 3072 NNC_DATA01 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data01.dbf
6 0 NNC_DATA02 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data02.dbf
7 3072 NNC_DATA03 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data03.dbf
8 2000 NNC_INDEX01 *** /oracle/oradata/nnc_index01.dbf
9 5120 NNC_INDEX02 *** /oracle/oradata/nnc_index02.dbf
10 3072 NNC_INDEX03 *** /oracle/oradata/nnc_index03.dbf
11 500 IUFO50 *** /oradata/oradata/IUFO50
12 3072 NNC_INDEX03 *** /oracle/oradata/nnc_index0301.dbf
13 3072 NNC_DATA01 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data01a.dbf
14 1000 NNC_INDEX01 *** /oracle/oradata/nnc_index01a.dbf
15 3072 NNC_DATA01 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data01b.dbf
16 3072 NNC_DATA03 *** /oracle/oradata/nnc_data03a.dbf
17 3872 NNC_DATA01 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data01c.dbf
18 0 NNC_DATA01 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data01d.dbf
19 5372 NNC_DATA03 *** /oradata/oradata/nnc_data03b.dbf
—————————–以下输出截断———————————————————————

根据上面输出建立好oracle目录
$mkdir –p /oradata/oradata
$mkdir –p /oracle/oradata
$mkdir –p /fooddata/oradata
$mkdir –p /middata/oradata
恢复数据文件
进行数据库restore：
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel ch0 type sbt_tape;
3> send ‘NB_ORA_CLIENT=ncdb;
4> send ‘NB_ORA_SERV=nbutest;
5> restore database;
6> recover database;
7> release channel ch0;
8> }
数据文件恢复没有报错，但是由于文件系统空间不够，无法完成全部数据文件的恢复
Set newname方式恢复数据文件
由于nbutest空间不够，在另外一台机器上隐射一个NFS文件系统至nbutest，将剩余的数据文件恢复至NFS目录/u03,并在/u03目录下建立好对应目录以便于区分
$ df –g
Filesystem GB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 4.00 2.18 46% 18337 4% /
/dev/hd2 2.12 1.09 49% 26093 10% /usr
/dev/hd9var 0.50 0.02 97% 428 9% /var
/dev/hd3 0.44 0.21 52% 3721 7% /tmp
/dev/hd1 0.06 0.06 1% 8 1% /home
/proc – – – – – /proc
/dev/hd10opt 0.50 0.16 68% 923 3% /opt
/dev/nbulv 16.88 11.90 30% 5597 1% /usr/openv
/dev/oralv02 103.00 3.09 97% 17115 3% /oracle
/dev/oralv03 3.00 2.22 27% 12 1% /oralog
/dev/oralv01 425.00 6.88 99% 89 1% /oradata
/dev/oralv04 93.12 5.59 94% 33 1% /orapdata
/dev/oralv05 15.00 11.00 27% 5 1% /fooddata
/dev/oralv06 15.00 4.00 74% 8 1% /middata
/dev/oralv07 35.00 4.99 86% 5 1% /orapidx
55a:/u02 118.00 6.12 95% 37 1% /u03
55a:/u01/NFStoNBU 136.56 102.31 26% 28333 1% /u04

根据V$datafile_header视图找出没有完成恢复的数据文件，如下看出还有27个数据文件需要恢复
SQL> select file# from v$datafile_header where CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#=0;
FILE#
4
6
18
23
24
27
31
39
46
53
54
63
69
77
79
83
84
89
123
124
127
128
158
159
160
161
167
27 rows selected.

准备restore datafile脚本
$ cat restore_setnewname.sh
run{
allocate channel ch1 type sbt;
send ‘NB_ORA_CLIENT=ncdb’;
send ‘NB_ORA_SERV=nbutest’;
set newname for datafile 4 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/users01.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 6 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data02.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 18 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data01d.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 23 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data01e.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 24 to ‘/u03/ganso/oracle/oradata/oraindex/nnc_index0301a.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 27 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/sys01.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 31 to ‘/u03/ganso/oracle/oradata/oraindex/nnc_index0301b.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 39 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data01k.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 46 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_index0301s.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 53 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data0101s.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 54 to ‘/u03/ganso/fooddata/anfod1.ora’;
set newname for datafile 63 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_index0301k.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 69 to ‘/u03/ganso/oracle/oradata/nnc_index0201.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 77 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data01x.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 79 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data01y.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 83 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data01ab.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 84 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data01ac.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 89 to ‘/u03/ganso/orapdata/pdat_301.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 123 to ‘/u03/ganso/oracle/oradata/oraindex/nnc_index01k.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 124 to ‘/u03/ganso/oracle/oradata/oraindex/nnc_index01l.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 127 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data03l.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 128 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data01ae.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 158 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_index0301y.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 159 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_index0301z.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 160 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data0101x.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 161 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data0101y.dbf’;
set newname for datafile 167 to ‘/u03/ganso/oradata/oradata/nnc_data03r.dbf’;
restore datafile 4;
restore datafile 6;
restore datafile 18;
restore datafile 23;
restore datafile 24;
restore datafile 27;
restore datafile 31;
restore datafile 39;
restore datafile 46;
restore datafile 53;
restore datafile 54;
restore datafile 63;
restore datafile 69;
restore datafile 77;
restore datafile 79;
restore datafile 83;
restore datafile 84;
restore datafile 89;
restore datafile 123;
restore datafile 124;
restore datafile 127;
restore datafile 128;
restore datafile 158;
restore datafile 159;
restore datafile 160;
restore datafile 161;
restore datafile 167;
switch datafile all;
release channel ch1;
}
恢复archive log
因为空间不足，无法全部恢复archivelog，只能做一下恢复测试，recover database看看最先需要的archivelog
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 08-APR-11
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK
starting media recovery
Oracle Error:
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup
ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/oradata/oradata/system01.dbf’
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/08/2011 19:04:03
RMAN-06053: unable to perform media recovery because of missing log
RMAN-06102: no channel to restore a backup or copy of log thread 1 seq 178601 lowscn 3967049746
RMAN-06102: no channel to restore a backup or copy of log thread 1 seq 178600 lowscn 3967008680
RMAN-06102: no channel to restore a backup or copy of log thread 1 seq 178599 lowscn 3966963833
RMAN-06102: no channel to restore a backup or copy of log thread 1 seq 178598 lowscn 3966910961

恢复sequence号178598至178601的archivelog
RMAN> run{
2> allocate channel ch0 device type sbt;
3> send ‘NB_ORA_CLIENT=ncdb’;
4> send ‘NB_ORA_SERV=nbutest’;
5> restore archivelog sequence between 178598 and 178601;
6> release channel ch0;
7> }
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
allocated channel: ch0
channel ch0: sid=155 devtype=SBT_TAPE
channel ch0: VERITAS NetBackup for Oracle – Release 6.0 (2005090703)
sent command to channel: ch0
sent command to channel: ch0
channel ch0: starting archive log restore to default destination
channel ch0: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=178598
channel ch0: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=178599
channel ch0: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=178600
channel ch0: restoring archive log
archive log thread=1 sequence=178601
channel ch0: reading from backup piece al_2818_1_737084249
channel ch0: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=al_2818_1_737084249 tag=TAG20101207T012034
channel ch0: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:03:47
Finished restore at 08-APR-11
released channel: ch0

archivelog恢复完成后再执行recover database，显示应用archivelog，并需求sequence号为178602的archivelog。表示archivelog恢复成功，因空间不够，没有继续恢复archivelog。
启动oracle
利用resetlogs参数打开数据库时报错。根据alter日志和trc文件提示，错误为redolog不能打开和undo表空间不存在，重建redo，修改pfile文件里undo信息后再次open数据库，提示需用upgrade选项打开（原因是因为备份的数据库版本是10.2.0.3，而测试库版本是10.2.0.1），使用upgrade选项打开数据库
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 – Production on Fri Apr 8 23:17:52 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup upgrade
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1258291200 bytes
Fixed Size 2020552 bytes
Variable Size 318769976 bytes
Database Buffers 922746880 bytes
Redo Buffers 14753792 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
验证数据
查看数据库大小
SQL> select sum(bytes)/1024/1024 from dba_segments;

SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024
——————–
653583.75

查看表数量
SQL> select count(*) from dba_tables;
COUNT(*)
8138

查看用户数量
SQL> set pagesize 1000
SQL> select USERNAME from dba_users;
USERNAME
——————————
ANMIDEX
ANMID
ANFOOD
IUFO
TEST
TEMP11
NC5011
SCOTT
MDDATA
TSMSYS
DIP
DBSNMP
SYSMAN
EXFSYS
DMSYS
WMSYS
ORDSYS
XDB
OLAPSYS
SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA
ORDPLUGINS
MDSYS
CTXSYS
ANONYMOUS
MGMT_VIEW
SYS
SYSTEM
OUTLN
28 rows selected.

统计部分表的count数
SQL> select count(*) from NC5011. SCM_BATCHCODE;
COUNT(*)
———-
529143

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